Chionanthus virginicus (Fringetree)

One of the most fragrant native flowering trees available, fringetree pairs a spectacular spring bloom display with genuine wildlife value - its fruit feeds more than 75 species of birds, and it serves as larval host for the Rustic Sphinx Moth.

Species Overview

Chionanthus virginicus, commonly known as Fringetree or Old Man's Beard, is a stunning native deciduous shrub or small tree prized for its unique, fragrant, fringe-like white flowers that bloom in clusters as the leaves emerge in spring. Male and female flowers occur on separate plants; female plants produce blue-black, olive-like fruit that ripens in late summer into fall. Fall foliage is a muted to impressive gold.

Application

• Specimen and woodland-edge plantings, prized for spring bloom and fragrance
• Small groups or hedges along woodland borders
• Wildlife habitat plantings - fruit is consumed by more than 75 bird species
• Larval host habitat for the Rustic Sphinx Moth

Growing Conditions / Specification Data

• Light: Full Sun to Full Shade - tolerates quite a bit of shade
• Soil/Moisture Tolerance: Rich, well-drained, slightly acidic soils; tolerates some clay and drought; does not tolerate overly wet or poorly-drained soils; minimal salt tolerance
• Growth Rate: Slow - approximately 6-10 in. of annual growth
• Plant Type: Tree
• Mature Height: 8-15 ft. (some sources cite up to 20 ft.; see flags)
• Fall Color: Yellow
• Bloom Color / Period: White; April-May
• Wetland Indicator Status: FACU (Facultative Upland)
• Native Range: Massachusetts south to Florida, west to Oklahoma and Texas
• Hydrology: Dry-Mesic
• Root Depth: Deep (24-36 in.)
• Salinity Tolerance: Low
• Drought Tolerance: Moderate
• Flood Tolerance: Low - A moist-woodland tree, not a true wetland obligate; not documented as flood tolerant.
• Shade Tolerance: Intermediate
• Growth Habit: Rounded - spreading, rounded habit
• USDA Hardiness Zones: 4-9
• Deer Resistance: Yes (Rarely Damaged)
• Pollinator Value: Larval host, supports moths, supports birds
• Juglone Tolerance: Tolerant

Planting Guidance

• Dioecious - female plants are needed for fruit production, but only produce fruit if a male plant is nearby for pollination.