Distichlis spicata (Spike Grass)

One of the most salt-tolerant native grasses available, spike grass excretes excess salt directly through its leaves - making it a genuinely indispensable species for tidal marsh and coastal restoration work where few other plants can establish.

Species Overview

Distichlis spicata is a salt-tolerant, warm-season grass commonly found in coastal marshes, salt flats, and other saline environments throughout North America. Growing 6 to 12 inches tall, this rhizomatous grass forms dense mats that stabilize soil in challenging sites. Its tough, narrow leaves are gray-green and can turn purplish in fall.

Application

• Tidal marsh and coastal wetland restoration - exceptional salt tolerance
• Erosion control in saline and brackish soil conditions
• Dune-adjacent and coastal stabilization projects
• Wildlife habitat - food source for waterfowl and geese

Growing Conditions / Specification Data

• Light: Full Sun
• Soil/Moisture Tolerance: Saline, alkaline coastal marsh and salt flat soils
• Drought Tolerance: High
• Flood Tolerance: High - A salt marsh grass found in regularly inundated tidal zones; tolerates standing water as part of its core habitat.
• Growth Rate: Rapid
• Plant Type: Graminoid
• Mature Height: 6 in.-1 ft.
• Fall Color: Purple
• Bloom Color / Period: Insignificant/None; June-October
• Wetland Indicator Status: OBL (Obligate Wetland)
• Native Range: Widespread in the Americas, along the Atlantic coast from Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island south to tropical America
• Hydrology: Wet
• Deer Resistance: Yes (Rarely Damaged)
• Shade Tolerance: Intolerant
• Salinity Tolerance: High - 5-20 ppt optimal growth range (USPTO field trial data)
• Root Depth: Deep (24-36 in.) - some sources cite up to 36 in.
• Growth Habit: Spreading - extensive creeping rhizomes
• USDA Hardiness Zones: 2-8
• Pollinator Value: None significant - wind-pollinated

Planting Guidance

• Best planted in late spring using plugs or rhizome divisions, spaced approximately 1 ft. apart.