Platanus occidentalis (Sycamore)

A genuine ecological powerhouse, sycamore is a confirmed larval host for at least 45 documented Lepidoptera species and is fully tolerant of black walnut toxicity - a stately floodplain tree whose old hollows shelter everything from Wood Ducks to Bald Eagles.

Species Overview

Platanus occidentalis, or American sycamore, is a large, fast-growing deciduous tree native to eastern North America, capable of reaching 100 feet or more. It is one of the tallest and largest-diameter broadleaf trees in eastern forests, instantly recognizable by its mottled, exfoliating bark that peels to reveal patches of white, gray, and green inner bark.

Application

• Large-scale shade and specimen tree plantings - requires ample room to spread
• Floodplain, riparian, and streambank restoration
• Plantings near black walnut and other juglone-producing trees
• Larval host habitat for at least 45 documented Lepidoptera species

Growing Conditions / Specification Data

• Light: Full Sun - does not tolerate shade
• Soil/Moisture Tolerance: Moist, deep, rich, well-drained soil; moderately salt tolerant
• Growth Rate: Rapid
• Plant Type: Tree
• Mature Height: 80+ ft.
• Fall Color: Yellow
• Wetland Indicator Status: NI (No Indicator) - see flags
• Native Range: Northeast/Mid-Atlantic (full list)
• Hydrology: Moist-Wet
• Root Depth: Deep (24-36 in.)
• Salinity Tolerance: Moderate
• Drought Tolerance: Moderate
• Deer Resistance: Some
• Flood Tolerance: High - A classic floodplain and riverbank tree, commonly found along rivers and streams and well adapted to periodic flooding.
• Shade Tolerance: Intermediate
• Growth Habit: Upright - massive, spreading canopy
• USDA Hardiness Zones: 4-9
• Juglone Tolerance: Tolerant
• Pollinator Value: Larval host, supports moths

Planting Guidance

• Avoid planting near septic fields; large old trees develop hollows valuable for cavity-nesting wildlife including Wood Ducks, owls, and Chimney Swifts. Susceptible to anthracnose, leaf spots, and frost cracks.